PHRASES WORKSHEET, Part 2, page 1

PHRASES WORKSHEET, Part 2

Infinitive and Appositive Phrases

INFINITIVE PHRASES

Infinitive Phrases:  Infinitive phrases can be used as three parts of speech:  noun, adjective, or adverb.  An infinitive phrase will begin with an infinitive (to + simple for of the verb).  It may include direct objects and/or modifiers

            Examples:

·  To finish her shift without spilling was Michelle’s only goal.  (functions as a noun)

·  Connor hopes to win the approval of his coach by showing up early for practice. (functions as a noun)

·  The best way to survive Mrs. Prichard’s class is counting backwards from 100 until class is over. (functions as an adjective)

·  Calvin, an aspiring doctor, is taking British Literature to give himself a well-rounded education. (functions as an adverb – “why”)

Note:  The word “to” can also be used as a preposition.  If it is followed by a noun or pronoun, the phrase is a prepositional phrase, not an infinitive.

Instructions:  Underline the infinitive phrase.  Label it as a noun, adjective or adverb phrase.

1.     Roger needs to listen more clearly.

2.     Jack has an assignment he needs to complete.

3.     Carol likes to sing in the choir.

4.     The family’s dream was to build a cabin in the woods.

5.     I need a book to read this week.

6.     Let him show you the best way to paint the house.

7.     To write a novel is on my bucket list.

8.     Last year they moved to Texas to run a ranch.

9.     Candy has the patience to babysit her neighbors.

10.            Mr. Hornsby managed to finagle some money from the children.

PHRASES WORKSHEET

Name:  _______________________________

PHRASES WORKSHEET

Prepositional Phrases, Participle Phrases, Gerund Phrases

PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES:  These phrases are either adjectives or adverbs depending upon how they are used.  A prepositional phrase begins with a preposition and ends with a noun or pronoun.

            Examples:

·  At the high school, Mr. Thompson taught history.  (adverbial modifying taught)

·  The gym at the high school is sold out for the big game.  (adjectival modifying gym)

·  In 1892, James Corbett became the heavy weight champion of boxing.  (first phrase is and adverb; second phrase is an adjective)

            Same phrase used two different ways:

·  Ann found in her drink a fly.  (adverb phrase modifying found)

·  The fly in her drink bothered Ann.  (adj. phrase modifying bee)

·  From the shore, Randy caught fifteen catfish.  (adverb modifying caught)

·  Greg visited his friend from the shore of Lake Superior.  (adj. modifying friend)

PRACTICE

For each sentence, put the prepositional phrase in parentheses.  Circle the preposition.  Finally, determine if this phrase is an adjective phrase or an adverb phrase.  Draw an arrow to the word it modifies.        

                       

1.     The table in the kitchen was my mother’s.

2.     We put the table in the kitchen

3.     The keys in my pocket belong to my boss.

4.     I found the keys in my pocket.

5.     The bridge over the river is longer than the one over the creek.

6.     Using the bridge, the cars went over the river.

7.     The stars beyond the solar system are still a mystery.

8.     Let’s build a rocket that goes beyond the solar system.

9.     Between you and me, this cake of my aunt’s is dry on the outside.

10.                        The house of the father of my best friend’s uncle from Kansas is for sale.

PARTICIPLE PHRASES:  These phrases function as adjectives and contain a present or past participle.  Participles all tend to end in “’ing” (present participle), “-ed,” “-d,” “-en,” “-n,” or “-t” with a few exceptions like “swum” and “hung.”  Participial phrases are made up of a participle along with an object or modifier or both.  These adjective phrases are usually placed as near as possible to the words they modify.  Participles are the third and fourth principle parts of verbs.

Examples:

·  Fortified against an attack, Macbeth’s army almost deserted their leader.

·  Singing “Aida” in the shower, Gary annoyed his roommates. 

·  Marching in the parade, Patrick showed his Irish pride.

·  Dedicated to the health of the poor, Mother Theresa helped others.

·  Thrashing the shore with great force, the storm pounded the rocky coast of Maine.

PRACTICE

For each sentence below, underline the participle phrase.  Include the present or past participle and other parts of the phrase.  Draw an arrow to the noun or noun phrase that the participle phrase modifies. 

1.     Sam, encouraging his brother, cheered him on at the finish line.

2.     The growing population forced the city to build a new school.

3.     Studying math, Calvin is planning a career as an accountant.

4.     The mother quieted the sleeping baby.

5.     April, expecting an important phone call, waited in the hallway outside.

6.     The defeated soldiers laid down their weapons.

7.     The coffee shop, located on the north side, hosted a sing-along.

8.     She found the exhausted doctor asleep on one of the hospital beds.

9.     Mr. Larsen found the opened letter on his desk.

10.                        The basketball players walked away with wounded pride.

GERUND PHRASES:  Like any noun, a gerund phrase can function as a subject, direct object, indirect object, object of the preposition, or predicate nominative.  The gerund phrase is made up of the present participle (“-ing”) and can contain an object and/or a modifier (and sometimes many modifiers).  The gerund is a verbal noun.

Examples:

            Gerund phrase as a subject:

·  Making the varsity team is a challenging endeavor.

Gerund phrase as a direct object:

·  The rookie catchers practiced protecting the plate.

Gerund phrase as an indirect object:

·  If students give learning grammar a fair chance, their writing will improve.

·  My brother once gave swinging a golf club his undivided attention.

Gerund phrase as an Object of the Preposition:

·  Carrie got first prize by memorizing the most poetry.

Gerund phrase as a Predicate Nominative:

·  Robyn’s greatest accomplishment is singing in the opera.

PRACTICE

For each sentence below, underline the gerund phrase.  Label the phrase Subject, Direct Object, Indirect Object, Object of the Preposition, or Predicate Nominative.

1.     I love eating burgers and fries.

2.     Listening to the orchestra inspired me to practice more.

3.     Mrs. Jones heard loud growling in his back yard.

4.     A trait of successful employees is working cheerfully.

5.     I can hear from my window the hammering on the building.

6.     Ben is not very good at staying awake after 10:00 pm.

7.     Jumping on the trampoline gives Mandy all the exercise she needs.

8.     I am not very good at locating cities on a map.

9.     The candidates reveal their personalities by arguing with one another.

10.                        Some women use group cooking to prepare food for their families.

Writing 2 Class Notes -- Week 2 (January 29)

Greetings!

We had great discussions this week about our Writing, Literature, and Grammar.

The prompt we started with for the Quick Write was "Clothes make the man."  According to the Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable, the phrase was found recorded in the early 15th century, but it comes from an earlier saying in classical Greek, "the man is his clothing."  In essence, clothing can both reveal and determine status.  I asked the students to write about one particular piece of clothing -- their shoes.

For the Words of the Day, I chose words from the book A Word A Day by Anu Garg.  (I may also continue to use SAT words, but they seemed a bit common place and not as fun.) Our words this week were collective nouns used for groups of animals.  Did you know that a group of ducks swimming together is a "paddling," while a group of ducks flying is called a "team?"

sounder -- a group of wild boars

nide -- a nest or group of pheasants

skein -- a flock of geese, ducks or other similar birds in flight; a ball of yarn

skulk -- a pack of foxes

bevy -- a group of birds or animals; a group or collection of any kind; an abbreviation for a beverage (used in the UK)

We had a quick check in with our current writing assignment.  The Pre-Writes for the Mystery Story was to be done today.  (While it was due this week, they don't need to hand it in until next week when they hand in their rough drafts.)  We talked about how it was going and especially the challenges in writing fiction.  We had a variety of "thumbs up" and "thumbs down" and "thumbs side-ways."  They need to think a little differently for this kind of writing.  The sticking points seem to be incorporating clues, coming up with motives, and avoiding sounding stupid.  I have great faith in this creative group.

We then dove into our reading selections, "Scandal in Bohemian" and "The Red-Headed League."  We read the first portion of the first story and compiled a list of qualities for Sherlock Holmes.  In the second story, we especially noted his powers of observations.  

And finally, we closed out the class with a Grammar discussion.  Phrases and clauses are the focuses for this semester, and we started with Prepositional phrases.  Prepositional phrases are used either as adjective phrases describing nouns or as adverb phrases describing verbs. I've attached two links at the bottom to instructional videos about Prepositional phrases from EDpuzzle.

Assignments for Next Week:

-- Read "The Speckled Band" and "The Engineer's Thumb"

-- 4 Study Guide Questions

-- Mystery Story Rough Draft

-- Grammar Worksheets:  6.1, 6.2, 6.3 (but not Exercise B)

Links for This Week:

Blog Posts:

-- Class Notes

-- The Prepositional Phrase and Objects

-- Prepositional Phrases as Adjectives and Adverbs

From EDpuzzle:

Objects of Prepositions

The Prepositional Phrase

Prepositional Phrases as Adjectives

Prepositional Phrases as Adverbs

Have a great weekend!

Mrs. Prichard

Prepositional Phrases as Adjectives and Adverbs

Prepositional Phrases as Adjectives

Prepositional Phrases as Adverbs

Prepositional Phrases and Objects

Objects of Prepositions

Prepositional Phrases